Evolution of Human Resources Management

Introduction to Human Resources Management

Human resources Management is a function that brings both the organization as well as the employees into a strategically win-win situation. Human resource is the most significant and valuable asset of an organization. In the present context the Human Resources Management (HRM) roll is to strategically nurtures and develops the employee’s capacity, ability and the skills at the mean time retaining and attracting skilled carder to active the organizational goal.

Definitions of Human Resources Management

As described by Armstrong, (2014) Human Resources Management is an approach to the management of an organization’s valued asset – the people in tactical, logical and a consistent way to achieve its objectives. Further described that HRM can be regarded as a philosophy about how people should be managed, which is underpinned by a number of theories relating to the behavior of people and organizations.

Storey, (1995) Identified and described that the Human Resources Management is an unique approach to management of employment with the scope of achieving competitive advantage through strategic development of a highly capable and committed workforce by means of cultural, structural and personnel techniques. 

According to Dessler & Varkkey, (2011) Human Resource Management is a practice involves five functions of management process (Planning, Organizing, Staffing, Leading and Controlling) to achieve organizational goals. Further describes that Human Resource management consist of process of acquiring, training, appraising, compensating while attending to their labor relations, health and safety.

Bratton & Gold, (2007) describes (Bratton & Gold 2017) HRM as a strategic approach to managing employment relations which emphasizes that leveraging people’s capabilities is critical to achieving competitive advantage, while this being achieved through a distinctive set of integrated employment policies, programs and practices.

Evolution of Human Resources Management

Figure 1:The evolution of human resource management (Adapted from Itika (2011))

Managing human aspect is long standing quest over 5000 years. The ideology of human resources management have ascended into the management concepts with the industrial revolution which is a mass shift from farming and house hold production to massive production with industries and factories in the beginning of 19th century.  With the rising of complexity of the production and services also the changes in human behaviors and needs, the human resource management have evolved through different eras. 

Figure 2: Different Era's

At present the Human Recourse Management has evolved to Strategic Human Resources Management. With evolution of the Human Resources Management, it can be divided into three segment as Personal Management, Human Resource Management, Strategic Human Resource Management which having different features.

Figure 3: Different features of PM, HRM & SHRM

Conclusion

Evolution of Human Resources Management is an ongoing process which is affected due to ever changing organizational strategies and human behaviors, expectations and desires. In a nut shell it can be described as the equation point between Organization and the Human Resource.

References

Armstrong, M 2014, A Handbook of HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PRACTICE, 10th edn, Kogan Page, London and Philadelphia.

Bratton, J & Gold, J 2017, Human Resource Management, Theory and Practice, 6th edn, PALGRAVE.

Dessler, G & Varkkey, B 2011, Human Resources Management, 12th edn, Pearson Education, Inc.

Storey, J 1995, Human Resource Management: A Critical Text, International Thomson Business Press.

Evolution of HRM  https://youtu.be/Kxc8KceOb14?t=2

Kumareshwaran, S 2019, www.reserchgate.net, viewed 09 August 2019, <https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331810927_The_Cross-cultural_Challenges_in_an_Attempt_to_Use_HRM_Best_Practices_in_a_MNC>.